C

.C file, 4

.cc file, 4

.cpp file, 4

.cp file, 4

C library header, 91

C-style cast, 164

C-style string, 114, 122, 122–123, 131

buffer overflow, 123

initialization, 122

parameter, 216

string, 124

c_str, 124

call by reference, 208, 210, 251

call by value, 209, 251

uses copy constructor, 498

uses move constructor, 539

call signature, 576, 590

callable object, 388, 417, 571–572

absInt, 571

bind, 397

call signature, 576

function and function pointers, 388

function objects, 572

pointer to member

and bind, 843

and function, 842

and mem_fn, 843

not callable, 842

PrintString, 571

ShorterString, 573

SizeComp, 573

with function, 576–579

with algorithms, 390

candidate function, 243, 251

see also function matching

function template, 695

namespace, 800

overloaded operator, 587

capacity

string, 356

StrVec, 526

vector, 356

capture list, see lambda expression

case label, 179, 179–182, 199

default, 181

constant expression, 179

case sensitive, string, 365

cassert header, 241

cast, see also named cast, 168

checked, see dynamic_cast

old-style, 164

to rvalue reference, 691

catch, 193, 195, 199, 775, 816

catch(...), 777, 816

exception declaration, 195, 200, 775, 816

exception object, 775

matching, 776

ordering of, 776

runtime_error, 195

catch all (catch(...)), 777, 816

caution

ambiguous conversion operator, 581

conversions to unsigned, 37

dynamic memory pitfalls, 462

exception safety, 196

IO buffers, 315

overflow, 140

overloaded operator misuse, 555

overloaded operators and conversion operators, 586

smart pointer, pitfalls, 469

uninitialized variables, 45

using directives cause pollution, 795

cbegin

auto, 109, 379

decltype, 109, 379

container, 109, 333, 334, 372

cctype

functions, 91–93

header, 91

cend

auto, 109, 379

decltype, 109, 379

container, 109, 333, 334, 372

cerr, 6, 26

chained input, 8

chained output, 7

char, 32

signed, 34

unsigned, 34

array initialization, 114

literal, 39

representation, 34

char16_t, 33

char32_t, 33

character

newline (\n), 39

nonprintable, 39, 79

null (\0), 39

tab (\t), 39

character string literal, see string literal

check

StrBlob, 457

StrBlobPtr, 474

check_size, 398

bind, 398

checked cast, see dynamic_cast

children’s story program, 383–391

chk_n_alloc, StrVec, 526

cin, 6, 26

tied to cout, 315

cl, 5

class, 19, 26, 72, 305

see also constructor

see also destructor

see also member function

see also static member

access specifier, 268

default, 268

private, 268, 306

public, 268, 306

aggregate, 298, 305

assignment operator

see copy assignment

see move assignment

base, see base class, 649

data member, 73, 78

const vs. mutable, 274

const, initialization, 289

in-class initializer, 274

initialization, 263, 274

must be complete type, 279

mutable, 274, 306

order of destruction, 502

order of initialization, 289

pointer, not deleted, 503

reference, initialization, 289

sizeof, 157

declaration, 278, 305

default inheritance specifier, 616

definition, 72, 256–267

ends with semicolon, 73

derived, see derived class, 649

exception, 193, 200

final specifier, 600

forward declaration, 279, 306

friend, 269, 280

class, 280

function, 269

member function, 280

overloaded function, 281

scope, 270, 281

template class or function, 664

implementation, 254

interface, 254

literal, 299

local, see local class

member, 73, 78

member access, 282

member new and delete, 822

member:constant expression, see bit-field

multiple base classes, see multiple inheritance

name lookup, 284

nested, see nested class

pointer to member, see pointer to member

preventing copies, 507

scope, 73, 282, 282–287, 305

synthesized, copy control, 267, 497, 500, 503, 537

template member, see member template

type member, 271

:: (scope operator), 282

user of, 255

valuelike, 512

without move constructor, 540

class

compared to typename, 654

default access specifier, 268

default inheritance specifier, 616

template parameter, 654

class derivation list, 596

access control, 612

default access specifier, 616

direct base class, 600

indirect base class, 600

multiple inheritance, 803

virtual base class, 812

class template, 96, 131, 658, 659, 658–667, 713

see also template parameter

see also instantiation

Blob, 659

declaration, 669

default template argument, 671

definition, 659

error detection, 657

explicit instantiation, 675, 675–676

explicit template argument, 660

friend, 664

all instantiations, 665

declaration dependencies, 665

same instantiation, 664

specific instantiation, 665

instantiation, 660

member function

defined outside class body, 661

instantiation, 663

member template, see member template

specialization, 707, 709–712, 714

hash<key_type>, 709, 788

member, 711

namespace, 788

partial, 711, 714

static member, 667

accessed through an instantiation, 667

definition, 667

template argument, 660

template parameter, used in definition, 660

type parameter as friend, 666

type-dependent code, 658

class type, 19, 26

conversion, 162, 305, 590

ambiguities, 587

conversion operator, 579

converting constructor, 294

impact on function matching, 584

overloaded function, 586

with standard conversion, 581

default initialization, 44

initialization, 73, 84, 262

union member of, 848

variable vs. function declaration, 294

clear

sequential container, 350

stream, 313

clog, 6, 26

close, file stream, 318

cmatch, 733

cmath header, 751, 757

collapsing rule, reference, 688

combine, Sales_data, 259

comma (,) operator, 157

comment, 9, 26

block (/* */), 9, 26

single-line (//), 9, 26

compare

default template argument, 670

function template, 652

default template argument, 670

explicit template argument, 683

specialization, 706

string literal version, 654

template argument deduction, 680

string, 366

compareIsbn

and associative container, 426

Sales_data, 387

compilation

common errors, 16

compiler options, 207

conditional, 240

declaration vs. definition, 44

mixing C and C++, 860

needed when class changes, 270

templates, 656

error detection, 657

explicit instantiation, 675–676

compiler

extension, 114, 131

GNU, 5

Microsoft, 5

options for separate compilation, 207

composition vs. inheritance, 637

compound assignment (e.g., +=)

arithmetic operators, 147

bitwise operators, 147

compound expression, see expression

compound statement, 173, 199

compound type, 50, 50–58, 78

array, 113

declaration style, 57

understanding complicated declarations, 115

concatenation

string, 89

string literal, 39

condition, 12, 26

= (assignment) in, 146

conversion, 159

do while statement, 189

for statement, 13, 185

if statement, 18, 175

in IO expression, 156

logical operators, 141

smart pointer as, 451

stream type as, 15, 162, 312

while statement, 12, 183

condition state, IO classes, 312, 324

conditional compilation, 240

conditional operator (?:), 151

connection, 468

console window, 6

const, 59, 78

and typedef, 68

conversion, 162

template argument deduction, 679

dynamically allocated

destruction, 461

initialization, 460

initialization, 59

class type object, 262

low-level const, 64

argument and parameter, 213

conversion from, 163

conversion to, 162

overloaded function, 232

template argument deduction, 693

member function, 258, 305

() (call operator), 573

not constructors, 262

overloaded function, 276

reference return, 276

parameter, 212

function matching, 246

overloaded function, 232

pointer, 63, 78

pointer to, 62, 79

conversion from nonconst, 162

initialization from nonconst, 62

overloaded parameter, 232

reference, see reference to const

top-level const, 64

and auto, 69

argument and parameter, 212

decltype, 71

parameter, 232

template argument deduction, 679

variable, 59

declared in header files, 76

extern, 60

local to file, 60

const_cast, 163, 163

const_iterator, container, 108, 332

const_reference, container, 333

const_reverse_iterator, container, 332, 407

constant expression, 65, 78

array dimension, 113

bit-field, 854

case label, 179

enumerator, 833

integral, 65

nontype template parameter, 655

sizeof, 156

static data member, 303

constexpr, 66, 78

constructor, 299

declared in header files, 76

function, 239, 251

nonconstant return value, 239

function template, 655

pointer, 67

variable, 66

construct

allocator, 482

forwards to constructor, 527

constructor, 262, 264, 262–266, 305

see also default constructor

see also copy constructor

see also move constructor

calls to virtual function, 627

constexpr, 299

converting, 294, 305

function matching, 585

Sales_data, 295

with standard conversion, 580

default argument, 290

delegating, 291, 306

derived class, 598

initializes direct base class, 610

initializes virtual base, 813

explicit, 296, 306

function try block, 778, 817

inherited, 628

initializer list, 265, 288–292, 305

class member initialization, 274

compared to assignment, 288

derived class, 598

function try block, 778, 817

sometimes required, 288

virtual base class, 814

initializer_list parameter, 662

not const, 262

order of initialization, 289

derived class object, 598, 623

multiple inheritance, 804

virtual base classes, 814

overloaded, 262

StrBlob, 456

StrBlobPtr, 474

TextQuery, 488

Blob, 662

initializer_list, 662

iterator parmeters, 673

Bulk_quote, 598, 610

Disc_quote, 609

Sales_data, 264–266

container, 96, 131, 326, 372

see also sequential container

see also associative container

adaptor, 368, 368–371

equality and relational operators, 370

initialization, 369

requirements on container, 369

and inheritance, 630

as element type, 97, 329

associative, 420, 447

copy initialization, 334

element type constraints, 329, 341

elements and destructor, 502

elements are copies, 342

initialization from iterator range, 335

list initialization, 336

members

see also iterator

= (assignment), 337

== (equality), 341

!= (inequality), 341

begin, 106, 333, 372

cbegin, 109, 333, 334, 372

cend, 109, 333, 334, 372

const_iterator, 108, 332

const_reference, 333

const_reverse_iterator, 332, 407

crbegin, 333

crend, 333

difference_type, 131, 332

empty, 87, 102, 131, 340

end, 106, 131, 333, 373

equality and relational operators, 88, 102, 340

iterator, 108, 332

rbegin, 333, 407

reference, 333

relational operators, 341

rend, 333, 407

reverse_iterator, 332, 407

size, 88, 102, 132, 340

size_type, 88, 102, 132, 332

swap, 339

move operations, 529

moved-from object is valid but unspecified, 537

nonmember swap, 339

of container, 97, 329

overview, 328

sequential, 326, 373

type members, :: (scope operator), 333

continue statement, 191, 199

control, flow of, 11, 172, 200

conversion, 78, 159, 168

= (assignment), 145, 159

ambiguous, 583–589

argument, 203

arithmetic, 35, 159, 168

array to pointer, 117

argument, 214

exception object, 774

multidimensional array, 128

template argument deduction, 679

base-to-derived, not automatic, 602

bool, 35

class type, 162, 294, 305, 590

ambiguities, 587

conversion operator, 579

function matching, 584, 586

with standard conversion, 581

condition, 159

derived-to-base, 597, 649

accessibility, 613

key concepts, 604

shared_ptr, 630

floating-point, 35

function to pointer, 248

exception object, 774

template argument deduction, 679

integral promotion, 160, 169

istream, 162

multiple inheritance, 805

ambiguous, 806

narrowing, 43

operand, 159

pointer to bool, 162

rank, 245

return value, 223

Sales_data, 295

signed type, 160

signed to unsigned, 34

to const, 162

from pointer to nonconst, 62

from reference to nonconst, 61

template argument deduction, 679

unscoped enumeration to integer, 834

unsigned, 36

virtual base class, 812

conversion operator, 580, 580–587, 590

design, 581

explicit, 582, 590

bool, 583

function matching, 585, 586

SmallInt, 580

used implicitly, 580

with standard conversion, 580

converting constructor, 294, 305

function matching, 585

with standard conversion, 580

_copy algorithms, 383, 414

copy, 382, 874

copy and swap assignment, 518

move assignment, 540

self-assignment, 519

copy assignment, 500–501, 549

= default, 506

= delete, 507

base from derived, 603

copy and swap, 518, 549

derived class, 626

HasPtr

reference counted, 516

valuelike, 512

memberwise, 500

Message, 523

preventing copies, 507

private, 509

reference count, 514

rule of three/five, 505

virtual destructor exception, 622

self-assignment, 512

StrVec, 528

synthesized, 500, 550

deleted function, 508, 624

derived class, 623

multiple inheritance, 805

union with class type member, 852

valuelike class, 512

copy constructor, 496, 496–499, 549

= default, 506

= delete, 507

base from derived, 603

derived class, 626

HasPtr

reference counted, 515

valuelike, 512

memberwise, 497

Message, 522

parameter, 496

preventing copies, 507

private, 509

reference count, 514

rule of three/five, 505

virtual destructor exception, 622

StrVec, 528

synthesized, 497, 550

deleted function, 508, 624

derived class, 623

multiple inheritance, 805

union with class type member, 851

used for copy-initialization, 498

copy control, 267, 496, 549

= delete, 507–508

inheritance, 623–629

memberwise, 267, 550

copy assignment, 500

copy constructor, 497

move assignment, 538

move constructor, 538

multiple inheritance, 805

synthesized, 267

as deleted function, 508

as deleted in derived class, 624

move operations as deleted function, 538

unions, 849

virtual base class, synthesized, 815

copy initialization, 84, 131, 497, 497–499, 549

array, 337

container, 334

container elements, 342

explicit constructor, 498

invalid for arrays, 114

move vs. copy, 539

parameter and return value, 498

uses copy constructor, 497

uses move constructor, 541

copy_backward, 875

copy_if, 874

copy_n, 874

copyUnion, Token, 851

count, reference, 550

count

algorithm, 378, 871

associative container, 437, 438

bitset, 727

count_calls, program, 206

count_if, 871

cout, 6, 26

tied to cin, 315

cplusplus_primer, namespace, 787

crbegin, container, 333

cref, binds reference parameter, 400, 417

cregex_iterator, 733, 769

crend, container, 333

cstddef header, 116, 120

cstdlib header, 54, 227, 778, 823

cstring

functions, 122–123

header, 122

csub_match, 733, 769

ctime header, 749

curly brace, 2, 26